contentEdgeInsets is pretty intuitive and will behave as you expect. You can easily add space around both the image and text to pad things out nicely. Use positive values to inset the content.
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The golden rule when it comes to [imageEdgeInsets and titleEdgeInsets] is to add equal and opposite offsets to the left and right insets. So if you add 5pt to the left title inset, you must apply -5pt to the right. This means you are using these insets only to offset the image or text, not to resize them in any way.